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General:
Perennial herb from a taproot; stems erect, 40-100 cm tall, branched above, smooth, glaucous; milky juice appearing when stems or leaves broken.
Leaves:
Whorled, numerous, unstalked, linear to narrowly lanceolate, smooth-margined, 1-5 cm long, smooth.
Flowers:
Inflorescence of long, terminal, spike-like clusters of numerous short-stalked flowers, at first dense, elongating in age; corollas violet, rarely pink, with a white-hairy patch at the throat, about 8 mm long excluding the curved basal spur, which is more than 1/2 as long as the rest of the corolla, 2-lipped, the upper lip 2-lobed, the lower lip 3-lobed; calyces deeply 5-lobed, the lobes nearly distinct, linear; stamens 4.
Fruits:
Capsules, egg- to nearly globe-shaped; seeds numerous, angled, wingless, net-veined.
Source: The Illustrated Flora of British Columbia
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